中空玻璃设备在寿命周期内，无论在使用还是闲置，由于力的作用，其形态上会产生变化而逐渐损坏，中空玻璃设备物质形态的这种逐渐变化造成的损耗，称为有形磨损。有形磨损根据产生的原因可分为使用磨损和自然磨损两种。
During the life cycle of insulating glass equipment, whether in use or idle, its form will change and gradually damage due to the action of force. The loss caused by this gradual change of material form of insulating glass equipment is called tangible wear. Physical wear can be divided into use wear and natural wear according to the causes.
中空玻璃设备在运行过程中，由于输入能量而运转，产生摩擦、振动、疲劳，致使相对运动的零部件实体产生磨损，这种有形磨损即称为使用磨损。使用磨损结果的一般表现为：设备零部件尺寸、几何形状改变，设备零部件之间公差配合性质改变，导致工作精度和性能下降，性能劣化、不能满足工艺要求，造成操作、使用、维修、管理等费用的增加，甚至零部件损坏，引起相关其他零部件损坏而导致事故。影响使用磨损发展程度的主要因素有：设备的质量、负荷程度、操作工人的技术水平、工作环境、维修质量与周期等。
During the operation of insulating glass equipment, due to the input of energy, friction, vibration and fatigue occur, resulting in the wear of relatively moving parts and components. This kind of tangible wear is called service wear. The general performance of using wear results is: the size and geometric shape of equipment parts are changed, and the tolerance fit between equipment parts is changed, resulting in the decline of working accuracy and performance, performance degradation, failure to meet the process requirements, resulting in the increase of operation, use, maintenance, management and other costs, and even parts damage, resulting in the damage of related other parts and causing accidents. The main factors affecting the development of service wear are: equipment quality, load level, technical level of operators, working environment, maintenance quality and cycle, etc.
在中空设备寿命期内，由于自然力量的作用或因保管不善而造成的锈蚀、老化、腐朽，甚至引起工作精度和工作能力的丧失，即称为自然磨损。在闲置中容易失去正常的维护，因此设备闲置中的自然磨损比使用中更明显。
During the service life of hollow equipment, the corrosion, aging and decay caused by natural forces or improper storage, and even the loss of working accuracy and working ability are called natural wear. It is easy to lose normal maintenance when the equipment is idle, so the natural wear and tear of the equipment during idle is more obvious than that during use.
中空玻璃设备有形磨损可分为三个阶段：一阶段为初期磨损阶段(也称磨合磨损阶段)，是新设备或大修后设备在早期故障期的磨损状态，这一阶段磨损速度快，主要原因是零件粗糙表面在负载运转中的快速磨损，低可靠度零件在负载下的迅速失效，安装不良，操作人员对新使用设备不熟悉等。随着粗糙表面被磨乎，失效零件被更换，安装经过磨合调整，操作者逐渐熟悉设备，设备磨损速度逐渐减小。二阶段为稳定磨损阶段，磨损速度缓慢，设备处技术状态。在这一阶段里，应注意对设备的维护保养，采用正确的操作技术和使用规程，加强点检，预防偶发故障劣化和故障恶化，尽量延长该阶段的使用时间。三阶段为剧烈磨损阶段，当主要零部件的磨损程度已经达到正常使用限时，如继续使用，磨损就会急剧上升，使中空玻璃设备精度、技术性能、生产效率明显下降，故障率急剧上升。设备使用中应及时发现正常使用限，及时进行预防性维修，更换磨损零件，防止故障发生。
The visible wear of insulating glass equipment can be divided into three stages: the first stage is the initial wear stage (also known as running in wear stage), which is the wear state of new equipment or equipment after overhaul in the early failure period. The wear speed in this stage is fast, mainly due to the rapid wear of rough surfaces of parts during load operation, the rapid failure of parts with low reliability under load, poor installation, and the operator's unfamiliar with the new equipment. As the rough surface is worn, the invalid parts are replaced, and the installation is adjusted through running in, the operator is gradually familiar with the equipment, and the wear rate of the equipment is gradually reduced. The second stage is the stable wear stage, the wear speed is slow, and the equipment is in the technical state. In this stage, attention shall be paid to the maintenance of equipment, correct operation technology and use procedures shall be adopted, spot inspection shall be strengthened, accidental failure deterioration and failure deterioration shall be prevented, and the service time of this stage shall be extended as far as possible. The third stage is the severe wear stage. When the wear degree of the main parts has reached the normal use limit, if they continue to be used, the wear will rise sharply, which will significantly reduce the precision, technical performance and production efficiency of the insulating glass equipment, and the failure rate will rise sharply. During the use of the equipment, the normal service limit shall be found in time, preventive maintenance shall be carried out in time, and worn parts shall be replaced to prevent failure.
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